Software
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is the current industry standard method for solving complex mechanical problems using computers.
Stress analysis can help predict if, when, and where things will break. You can use it to test if your design will be durable.
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Summary:
An ultra-light airplane manufacturer, Air Creation, identified their steering pedals for FEA optimization. They were able to reduce mass, embodied energy, even the cost of the part.
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